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Country
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IT
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Name of institution (English)
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Bibliographic Center of the Union of Italian Jewish Communities
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Language of name of institution
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ita
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Contact information: postal address
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Lungotevere Raffaello Sanzio 5, 00153 Rome
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Contact information: phone number
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0039 645542200
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Contact information: email
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info@ucei.it
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Reference number
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Centro Bibliografico della Unione delle Comunità Ebraiche Italiane (C.E.), Archivio storico della comunità ebraica di Senigallia (A.C.E.S.)
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Type of reference number
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Archival reference number
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Title (English)
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Historical Archive of the Jewish Community of Senigallia
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Title (official language of the state)
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Fondo Archivio storico della Comunità israelitica di Senigallia
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Language of title
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ita
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Creator / accumulator
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Comunità Ebraica di Senigallia
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Date(s)
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1556/1930
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Language(s)
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heb
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ita
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lat
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Extent
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84 folders and 27 boxes
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Type of material
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Textual Material
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Graphic Material
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Physical condition
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Good
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Scope and content
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The historical archive of the Jewish community of Senigallia is divided into 26 series. This division shows what were the most important sectors within which the life of the Jewish community in Senigallia developed. The collection contains documentation concerning the relations between the Papal State and the Jewish community (bulls, briefs, edicts, decrees, rescripts); papers related to the internal life of the community (administrative, accounting and electoral documents, chapters, and minutes of congregations); as well as legal and notarial documents, correspondence, documents relating to the Fair and the Jus Chazakà (transmissible right of perpetual tenant); and papers of the two schools of the community, the Jeshivah Shalom and the Talmud Torah. Of particular interest is the documentation preserved in the series produced by the activity of some Jewish organisations and confraternities within the community, such as the Opera Pia Israelitica, the local charity; the Ghemiluth Chasadim, Biqqur Cholim and Tiphereth Bakhurim societies, which took care of the burial of the deceased and provided assistance to the sick and needy; the Shomerim La-Boqer, which was responsible for the morning recitation of prayers; and the Compagnia dei Luminari, probably responsible for lighting the lights of the synagogue.
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Archival history
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The Jewish community archive was preserved at the synagogue of Senigallia until 1983, when it was moved to the Comunità Israelitica di Ancona (Jewish community of Ancona). Afterwards, it was acquired by the Collegio Rabbinico (Rabbinical College) of Rome, where the fonds remained until 1993. Then, it was transferred to the premises of the current Centro Bibliografico della Unione delle Comunità Ebraiche Italiane.
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(source: Centro Bibliografico-guida ai fondi archivistici)
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Administrative / Biographical history
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A Jewish community had been present in Senigallia since the 14th century. By then, a loan bank already existed in the locality. In 1556, following the persecution of the Portuguese "Marranos" (New Christians) in Ancona, many of these exiles found refuge in the community of Senigallia, thus marking into it the presence of a Sephardic tradition deriving from the diaspora and persecutions of the 16th century. Back then, Senigalia was a lively seaport and the place of an important annual fair, which was held in the Summer and generated significant economic incomes. In the first half of the 17th century, the Jewish banks that already existed in the duchy of Urbino were still active. The ghetto was established in 1634 and the existing synagogue was moved to its boundaries.
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Bibliography
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Anselmi, Sergio. 1987. “Gli ebrei marchigiani nella prima metà del Cinquecento.” In Gli Ebrei e Venezia: secoli XIV-XVIII: atti del convegno internazionale organizzato dall’Istituto di storia della società e dello Stato veneziano della Fondazione Giorgio Cini, Venezia, Isola di San Giorgio Maggiore, 5-10 giugno 1983, edited by Gaetano Cozzi and Istituto di storia della società e dello Stato veneziano, 1a ed, 723–25. Milano: Edizioni Comunità.
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Carpi, Daniele. 1977. “Sefer Emeq ha Bakha le Rav Yaaqov Kohen, al pur’anut be Sinigaglia be shnat 1799.” Proceedings of the American Academy for Jewish Research 44: 15–38.
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Loevinson, Ermanno. 1932. “La concession de banques de prêts aux juifs par les Papes des seizième et dix-septième siècles. Contribution à l’histoire des finances d’Italie.” Revue des études juives 92–94: 1–30, 93;27-52, 157-178;57-72, 167-183;23-43.
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Luzzati, Michele. 1996. “Banchi e insediamenti ebraici nell’Italia centro-settentrionale fra tardo Medioevo e inizi dell’Età moderna.” In Gli ebrei in Italia, edited by Corrado Vivanti, 1:175–235. Annali di Storia d’Italia 11. Torino: Einaudi.
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Luzzato, Gino. 1903. I banchieri Ebrei in Urbino nell’età ducale. Appunti di storia economica con appendice di documenti. 2°. Verona: Drucker.
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Simonsohn, Shlomo, ed. 1988. The Apostolic See and the Jews. Studies and texts 94, 95, 99, 104–106, 109–110. Toronto, Ont., Canada: Pontifical Institute of Mediaeval Studies.
